Лікування кандидозу

Дріжджоподібні Candida Albicans є поширеним грибом грунту. Встановлено також, як частина нормальної мікробної популяції слизових оболонок нашого організму. Звичайно це не викликає захворювання, проте в деяких випадках це може призвести до інфекції горла, піхви і кишечника. У більшості людей з низьким рН створені резидентами кислотообразующих бактерій слизової оболонки пригнічує ріст C. Albicans.

Проте умови, які змінюють навколишнє середовище слизових оболонок може привести до екстенсивного зростання С. Albicans з подальшою хворобою. Candida є класичним опортуністичних збудників, як правило, тримати в узді, але здатні спалахують при певних, сприяючих умов. Як патогенних грибів, диморфних Candida можуть чергуватися між нитчасті і одноклітинні форми, в залежності від екологічних умов харчування, температури і рН. Таким чином, як частина нормальної флори, C. Albicans росте як початківцям дріжджів; гіф форм проводиться лише під час вторгнення тканини. Це можна зробити діагностику грибкових захворювань дуже важко. Певне доказ опортуністичних грибкових інфекцій зазвичай залежить від демонстрації грибкових елементів в тканинах.

У пацієнтів з порушеннями захисту хоста вторинного таких захворювань, як лейкемія, синдром набутого імунодефіциту (СНІД), хвороба Ходжкіна, нейтропенія та інших гематологічних захворювань, в тому числі і ендокринопатії діабет особливо схильні грибкової інфекції. Загалом, умови та процедури, які знижують кількість і функції фагоцитів або порушенням клітинного імунітету збільшення сприйнятливості до опортуністичних мікозів, таких як кандидоз.

Системний кандидоз розростання кандиди по всьому тілу. У найбільш важких випадках, Candida можуть проникати через кров, щоб вторгнутися кожен орган системи в організмі, що призводить до типу зараження крові називається Candida сепсис. Інші імена, які були дані цієї умови включають Candida пов'язаних комплекс, полісистемні кандидоз, хронічний кандидоз і кандидоз синдром гіперчутливості.

Будь-який з кількох видів дріжджів Candida здатні викликати кандидоз. Ці мікроорганізми входять до складу нормальної мікрофлори шкіри, слизових оболонок шлунково-кишкового тракту. Candida видів колонізації слизових оболонках всіх людей під час пологів або незабаром після цього. З більш ніж ста видів Candida кілька є частиною нормальної флори і є потенційними патогенами. C. Albicans викликає більшість випадків зараження, а потім C. tropicalis.

Недоторканими або фізіологічно нормальним епітелієм, як правило, стійкі до вторгнення Candida. Тим не менш, Candida може вторгатися, якщо на шкірі і слизової оболонки травмовані або гормонально змінені, або якщо додаток Candida в ендотеліальних клітинах підвищується. Клінічні прояви різноманітні, починаючи від гострих, підгострих через хронічним. Участь можуть бути локалізовані в порожнині рота, горла, шкіри, волосистої частини голови, піхви, пальці, нігті, бронхів, легенів і шлунково-кишкового тракту, або стати системною, як і в сепсис, ендокардит і менінгіт.

Тривають дискусії щодо того, кандидоз існує в організмі в результаті, або причина, деяких імунологічних захворювань.

Укладач і випробуваний дієтолог Хайді дю През і Silwood підготовлені шеф-кухар Карен Тілні, всі рецепти пшениці та / або глютен, молочні продукти і підсолоджувачі, обмежені і не обробляються або синтетичні інгредієнти. У книзі також представлені менш відомі компоненти здоров'я, наприклад, альтернативні зерна (лобода, амарант і пишеться). Рецепти поєднуються природні, живильні речовини в правильному балансі. Ні примхи ... фокус залишається на простий, практичний, поживний, смачний і без проблем рецептів.

Тривають дискусії щодо того, кандидоз існує в організмі в результаті, або причина, деяких імунологічних захворювань

Симптоми

Тому що кандидоз може вражати різні частини тіла - найбільш поширеними з яких є рот, вуха, ніс, нігті, нігті, шлунково-кишковий тракт і піхву - це можна охарактеризувати широкий спектр симптомів.

До них відносяться:

• Шлунково-кишковий тракт: запор, діарея, коліт, біль в животі, постійна печія, кишкові гази і здуття живота, нудота, синдром подразненого кишечника ", яка витікає кишечнику, і неприємний запах з рота

• Респіраторні алергії: нежить, чхання та / або свистяче дихання, виразки, біль в горлі, закладеність носа, кашель, ниття, забиті пазухи носа, печіння мови, білі плями на мові і в роті

• Центральна нервова система: перепади настрою, депресія, втрата пам'яті, поганий концентрації, неспокій, дратівливість, паніка, "під кайфом" почуття, аутизм, гіперактивність і порушення дефіциту уваги

• Урогенітальні проблеми: ректальний свербіж, імпотенція, простатит, вагініт, нирок і сечового міхура, часте сечовипускання і терміновості.

• Менструальні порушення: передменструальний синдром, порушення менструального циклу, безпліддя, і ендометріоз

• Шкірні захворювання: вугрі, мікоз, екзема, псоріаз і "свербіж" загальною

• Інші загальні симптоми: головні болі, захворювання очей, болі в м'язах, слабкість, болі в суглобах і жорсткість, оніміння обличчя або кінцівок, відчуття поколювання, нічні поти, вкрай хронічної втоми, харчової алергії / непереносимості, тяга на цукор, хліб, алкоголь, чутливість для парфумерії та хімічних речовин, артрит, фіброміалгія, гіпотиреоз, надниркова проблеми, і навіть діабет. Candida може передаватися через кров, щоб викликати широке поширення, глибинні мікози такі як ендокардит, 2, в якому є інфекція і запалення тканин серця.

Симптоми зазвичай погіршується у вологих або запліснявілих місць, або після вживання продуктів, що містять цукор і / або дріжджів. Часто пацієнти з інфекцією Candida також харчової алергії. Симптоми харчової алергії або екологічної чутливості може також схожі з кандидозом. Щоб ще більше ускладнити деяких пацієнтів з кандидозом перейти до розробки екологічної чутливості, а також. Через його численних і різноманітних симптомів цього захворювання часто неправильно діагностується. Хворий зазвичай скаржиться на "погане самопочуття у всьому.

Різних розрізнених симптомів пацієнт страждає від кандидозу насправді пов'язано з шлунково-кишкові розлади (дисбактеріоз кишечника). Там, здається, відносини між слизової кишечника і проникності мембран кишечника нормальної flora.3 результати дисбактеріоз у слизовій оболонці шлунково-кишкового тракту, яка стає аномально проникні дозволяє поглинання недостатньо розбити пептидів і реабсорбції токсинів з просвіту кишки призводить до фармакологічні ефекти.

Епідеміологія

Багато умови привертають осіб опортуністичних інфекцій Candida. Certain physiological changes in otherwise healthy individuals provide the setting for opportunistic candidiasis. The incidence of vaginal candidiasis is higher during pregnancy (due to a rise in pH) and is also increased among diabetics and women taking oral contraceptives, hormones or antibiotics. The vastly more complex hormonal system of women possibly predisposes them to more potential trouble, although men are certainly not immune to the Candida syndrome. It has been assessed that 60% of cases occur in women, 20% in men and 20% in children.

Infants are especially at risk if they are heavily exposed to Candida before the normal microbial flora of the gastrointestinal tract and skin have been established. An infected mother may pass the fungal infection to her newborn. Babies usually develop oral thrush, perianal and genital infections, gastroenteritis with severe diarrhoea, or prolonged and painful diaper rash. Interestingly, most adults with severe cases of candidiasis experienced some of their symptoms from early childhood.

The intact adult epithelium is normally impervious to Candida invasion, however, certain conditions increase the opportunity of superficial candidiasis. Any trauma, burn, abrasion or break in the epithelial integrity of the skin or gut provides an opportunity for Candida to penetrate the skin, mucosa or subcutaneous tissue. Excessive moisture and warmth increases the number of Candida on the skin.

Endocrinological disturbances, such as diabetes mellitus, hypoglycaemia,5 hypoparathyriodism and Addison's disease, result in an increased incidence of candidiasis. Many medical procedures designed to prolong life also increase the likelihood of life-threatening opportunistic infections. Immunosuppressive treatment, transplantation, steroid treatment and antibacterial antibiotics all reduce resistance to Candida. Patients with AIDS are highly susceptible to candidiasis, especially involving the mucosal surfaces of the oesophagus and oropharynx. Enteric candidiasis follows the administration of tetracycline and occurs also when the yeast population is supposedly suppressed by the concomitant use of antifungal antibiotics.

Further disruptive factors leading to dysbiosis include stress, altitude changes, lack of breastfeeding,6 X-ray radiation,7 starvation, parasitic organisms, diarrhoea and constipation (intestinal flow rates),8, 9 low stomach acid, environmental toxins, alcohol and drug abuse, stimulants, a diet high in refined carbohydrates and nutrient-poor diets.

Clinical Assessment

Although laboratory tests for yeast diagnosis might be helpful, their interpretation is not always straightforward and they can sometimes be misleading. Stool cultures can also be misleading because if yeast is in its fungal form most of the cells are physically attached to the intestinal lining and a stool culture can only detect the cells that have broken off. Therefore faecal microflora may differ considerably from that of the mucosal surface of the intestinal wall, and in any case, colonic flora differs from that above the ileo-caecal valve.

Possibly one of the most reliable tests for elevated Candida levels is an organic acid urine test to detect byproducts of yeast and fungi. Tartaric acid, a highly toxic substance that inhibits the supply of malic acid and that is needed for proper function of the Krebs cycle, is one of the organic acids found to be elevated in the presence of yeasts. The biochemical process, which is responsible for the production of most of the body's energy, is therefore short-circuited leading to symptoms of weakness, foggy thinking, depression, chronic fatigue and muscle and joint pain. Elevated organic acids including tartaric acid and low levels of malic acid have been found in a large percentage of patients with fibromyalgia.10 Furthermore, it has been shown that 80 – 90% of children with autism, attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity similarly have abnormal levels of yeast or fungal metabolites.11, 12 According to antibody studies it has been found that Candida is also involved in more than 80% of all cases of Crohn's disease and colitis.

The most simple and accessible method for diagnosis is to use a questionnaire, which indicates symptoms and history.13 The questionnaire comprises of symptoms typically experienced by a Candida-sufferer, with a specific rating allocated to each symptom. A total score over 180 (women) and 140 (men), indicates that yeast-connection health problems are almost certainly present. A score less than 60 (women) and 40 (men) means that yeasts are probably not causing health problems. The question is not whether or not an individual has Candida, but rather whether an overgrowth of Candida occurs. However, the surest way of confirming the possibility of a yeast infection is to embark on an antiyeast regimen and await results. Since it is not dangerous to proceed with a trial yeast treatment programme, in the final analysis this is actually the most reliable diagnostic test.

Treatment regimen

A safe, systematic naturopathic approach is recommended to bring Candida under control. The following six steps together form an effective antiyeast strategy. The exclusion of any one of the points will almost certainly lead to disappointing results. This regimen should be followed for at least 3 months.

1. Boost the Immune System

Since a compromised immune system is the underlying cause of candidiasis, it is essential to boost the system with a personal supplementation programme. A wholefood supplement (eg a green 'superfood'), vitamin C (minimum 1 000 mg/day – ideally a buffered form) and essential fatty acids should form the basis of such a programme. Supplements must be yeast and sugar-free and digestive enzymes should be included. A 50% raw food diet is advisable, which will include juicing (fresh vegetable juices).

1. Follow a strict antiyeast diet to starve the Candida

Yeasts are facultative anaerobes and under anaerobic conditions utilise sugars via alcoholic or lactic acid fermentations for their energy requirements. Therefore dietary glucose and sugar promote fungal growth, so all forms of sugar – sucrose, glucose, maltose, fructose and dextrose – must be avoided. No artificial sweeteners should be taken. However, the herb stevia could be used for sweetening, but ideally the patient should overcome his or her 'sweet tooth'! Refined carbohydrates add to the glucose load.

For at least the first 3 months, no fruit should be allowed. All foods containing yeast must also be eliminated, because of the high degree of apparent cross-sensitisation between Candida and other yeasts.14 Additional items to be eliminated are anything fermented (vinegar and alcohol), containing mould (cheese and mushrooms) and stimulants (tea, coffee etc.). A wheat-free diet must be followed, but ideally gluten-free for at least the first 3 months. Soy products should also be avoided and dairy products limited. An understanding of the reasons for the dietary restrictions and a determination to get well are the keys to perseverance, and only scrupulous adherence to the diet will achieve results.

However, patients might get so focussed on what NOT to eat that they almost stop eating altogether. Emphasis should therefore also be placed on foods that are allowed, eg animal and plant protein, vegetables and whole grains. The antiyeast diet must be strictly followed for at least 3 months. Even when Candida-related symptoms have disappeared, signifying that bifido bacteria are once again in control, it is advisable to keep within the diet guidelines for a further year in order to consolidate the newly corrected balance of gut flora. Usually by this time the patient feels so good on this diet that it becomes a natural way of living.

1. Destroy the Candida through antifungal supplementation

There are various natural antifungal supplements on the market. Resistant strains of Candida develop rapidly due to genetic mutation, therefore rotating the antifungals could be beneficial. Olive leaf extract with oleuropein has been found to be powerful against Candida. Propolis is an alternative antifungal agent, which can also be used safely in combination with olive leaf extract for greater effectivity.

CandiCide, a new propolis-based antifungal on our market, is also proving to be very effective for treating systemic candidiasis (capsules) and localised skin infections and thrush (cream). Caprylic acid is also known to be useful for inhibiting an overgrowth of yeast organisms. Caprylic acid is best used for destroying Candida in the gut. It is important to do this before attempting to destroy Candida in outlying tissues, because the dysbiosis within the colon is the root cause underlying Candida overgrowth in other areas of the body.

The essential oils of oregano, cloves and artemisia have great systemic antimicrobial activity, being able to reach Candida, which has colonised in tissues of the body beyond the gastrointestinal tract. Kolorex is a patented herbal formula containing extracts of the New Zealand herb horopito (Pseudowintera colorata) and aniseed.

Horopito contains a strong antifungal agent called polygodial. Pau d'arco is an extremely useful herb for Candida because it has both antifungal and immune-enhancing properties. Aloe vera, grapefruit seed extract and Warburgia are other antifungal agents, as is oleic acid, making olive oil a useful dietary supplement. Fresh garlic should be included in the diet, since it will not only help to bring C. albicans under control, but also other pathogens.

1. Detoxification

C. albicans releases toxins, a minimum of 79 known chemical substances. There are over 900 species of yeast, including over 80 species of Candida, at least 6 of which have been implicated as human pathogens. Since each strain of C. albicans is thought to contain up to 35 antigens and any one person may harbour more than one strain, this suggests that the sensitisation potential is enormous, quite apart from the infectious potential through tissue invasion. The sensitisation potential of C. albicans is supported by studies showing that histamine release is stimulated by Candida antigens.

As yeast is destroyed, the breakdown products and toxins released can cause extremely unpleasant symptoms, both as general malaise with nausea, aching limbs and depression, and locally as an apparent flare-up of previous symptoms in areas where the Candida has colonised. German dermatologist, Dr Karl Herxheimer, first described this response when C. albicans was being destroyed by the use of antifungal substances.4 Usually referred to as 'die-off', it is not an unwanted reaction in the sense of a side-effect to a drug, and it should in fact be recognised as an encouraging sign. However, the symptoms can be far from pleasant and in some cases are sufficient to persuade the sufferer to give up the antiyeast regimen.

It is therefore preferable to approach the regimen slowly but surely, and it is advisable to spend at least 1 month on the diet and immune-boosting supplement programme alone. These two factors are sufficient in many cases to cause a high degree of Herxheimer's reaction as die-off toxins start to circulate in the bloodstream. Once over this initial phase, antifungal supplements should be introduced at low levels and built up at intervals as die-off symptoms allow. The Candida sufferer should be encouraged to feel that s/he is in control of the situation by being responsible for the level of antifungal agents being taken.

It is very important to support the liver, since its detoxification pathways will have great difficulty in off-loading increased levels of toxins released by dead Candida, so they remain circulating in the bloodstream. The Ultra Clear range from Amipro is an ideal nutritional supplement to support the patient while severe die-off symptoms are being experienced. The Ultra Clear range could be used long-term throughout the treatment regimen, depending on the individual.

Constipation should be avoided at all costs because of the danger of reabsorption of toxins and Candida metabolites. Further, micro-organisms thrive on stagnant putrefactive matter within the intestines. Old impacted faeces do not pass from the body with ordinary bowel movements but require special techniques to dissolve the mucoid material.15 A seven-day tissue-cleansing programme together with colon irrigation16 is the most effective way of ridding the intestine of old accumulated toxic material and should be considered during the third month of the regimen. The tissue-cleansing programme also helps the body cells to release waste material. Other means of lymphatic cleansing, eg skin brushing, and lymphatic drainage massage, are also recommended. Plenty of fluid (ideally distilled water) should be consumed on a daily basis to aid detoxification.

Constipation should be avoided at all costs because of the danger of reabsorption of toxins and Candida metabolites. Further, micro-organisms thrive on stagnant putrefactive matter within the intestines. Old impacted faeces do not pass from the body with ordinary bowel movements but require special techniques to dissolve the mucoid material.15 A seven-day tissue-cleansing programme together with colon irrigation16 is the most effective way of ridding the intestine of old accumulated toxic material and should be considered during the third month of the regimen. The tissue-cleansing programme also helps the body cells to release waste material. Other means of lymphatic cleansing, eg skin brushing, and lymphatic drainage massage, are also recommended. Plenty of fluid (ideally distilled water) should be consumed on a daily basis to aid detoxification.

1. Restore dysbiosis

It is important to re-establish strong colonies of bifido bacteria in the intestines as fast as Candida is being destroyed. By re-inoculating the bowel with proper symbiotic acid-producing bacteria, there is reduction in the compatibility of the intestinal environment for yeast proliferation. Supplementation with a pre- and probiotic as the last stage of the regimen is therefore essential. A prebiotic, eg fructo-oliggosaccharides (FOS), supports the growth of the probiotic. Supplementing with probiotics could also form part of the initial supplementation programme.

1. Emotional Support

When the die-off reaction manifests as emotional disturbances (depression, morbidity, anxiety, panic, irritability and aggression), it is possible that the immune system is reacting to the presence of excess toxins in the bloodstream so that in addition to die-off there is also allergy to die-off! Furthermore, stress is a frequently ignored factor, which keeps Candida supported even in the face of an otherwise strict anti-Candida regimen. It is one of the greatest challenges to our immune systems, putting pressure on nearly every organ and system in the body.

The Candida sufferer is trapped in a world of pain, confusion and foggy thinking. It needs the objective insight and experience of a caring practitioner to find a way through the minefield of possible problems, to pinpoint the cause of a plateau and point the way forward. Bringing Candida under control is not an easy process; it necessitates radical dietary changes and considerable self-discipline as well as perseverance through periods of unpleasant die-off symptoms. Support from a sympathetic practitioner is as valuable to the healing process as each and every part of the treatment regimen.

General

It is important to remove houseplants while on the treatment regimen, because of cross-contamination 11,17 between Candida and mould, to which it is closely related, as spores from damp soil become airborne in the room and are inhaled.14 Avoid household chemical products and cleaners, chlorinated water, mothballs, synthetic textiles, and damp and mouldy places, such as basements. Dentures can be an ongoing source of Candida re-infection. Aloe vera, grape seed extract or propolis may be used as a refreshing mouthwash or gargle and aloe vera can be used as an overnight denture soak. During the treatment regimen a patient should not use oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy or steroid medications.

Sometimes it is evident that an anti-Candida approach alone is not sufficient to achieve restoration to health. In these situations it is worth considering the possibility of parasitic infection by such organisms as Blastocystis hominis or Giardia lamblia, or an overgrowth of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Klebsiella, Helicobacter or Citrobacter. The presence of one of these will not only cause symptoms in its own right, but may severely compromise the body's ability to bring Candida under control. If no satisfactory results are achieved, treat for parasites towards the end of the anti-Candida regimen.

When Candida-related symptoms have disappeared, but food intolerance's are still experienced after the treatment regime, a 'leaky gut' could be the cause. To treat a leaky gut while Candida is still actively making holes in the intestinal lining tends to be a waste of money. A leaky gut should therefore only be addressed after antifungals and probiotics have been introduced.

Many are discovering that it is possible to regain health if ways are found of bringing an overgrowth of C. albicans under control.